危機一髪

きき いっぱつ
kiki ippatsu

Though I can't keep up the 1-a-day schedule we normally have when three people are posting, I do think that I'd like to take advantage of the fact that I have total control over TDY for the next few days to do a few more simple yoji's that are in fairly common use and would be good for you to know. Do remember, though, that I'm really just doing these as they come to mind and not really in any particular order, so you shouldn't consider any one necessarily more important that the other.

Let's start off with the characters themselves:
危 is one you may know, meaning dangerous (あぶない is the most common reading, though there is also my personal favorite, あやうい). 機, which you might remember from 機会, or the ever-forthcoming 機嫌, is a little harder to translate, but you might think of it as a chance or a situation. A dangerous situation, therefore, is a 危機, or a crisis. In fact, you can link this word to the last yoji to form 絶体絶命の危機! 一髪 combines 一, which is "one," and 髪, which you might recognize from 髪の毛, or hair (from the top of your head). "One hair" here is used to emphasize the tightness of the situation - the width of a single hair. Which brings us to our:

Definition:
ひとつまちがえば重大な危険におちいるという、きわどい場合・状態・時期

Translation:
1. Between a rock and a hard place
2. A critical, delicate situation
3. Close call

例文：締切まであと5分！日刊四字が今日ちゃんと更新されなければ閉鎖してしまうという危機一髪のところを、このNiravさまが救ってあげよう！
It's five minutes to deadline! If TDY isn't updated, it's finished! I, the great Nirav, shall save it in its moment of peril!

All joking aside, the Bruce Lee film known alternatively as "Fists of Fury" and "The Big Boss" in the US was titled in Japan as, ドラゴン、危機一髪！ Quite possibly my favorite yo-ji in a movie title EVAR!

絶体絶命

ぜったいぜつめい
zettai zetsumei


Yes, I know, today is Friday, and I promised a KN^4 post, but 1) those take a long time and 2) since I am facing something of a 絶体絶命 situation myself right now (ok, that's a little bit of an exaggeration), you'll have to do with another topical yoji. As an added bonus to make up for the lack of KN^4, this is actually a useful yoji that will likely make your 言い回し more 日本人ぽい, instead of the normal ones that really only serve to make it 語学オタクっぽい.

This yoji derives much of its meaning from the individual characters, so, as always, that is a good place to start.

絶, which appears twice, means to end, to suppress, or to be cut off. 体 is body; 命 is one's life. Note about 命: Japanese has a number of characters/words that can be translated into English as "life." Though this is a Japanese Language Trivia Post/KN^4 post of its own, just be aware here that "life" what we might think of as the quality of being alive, as opposed to the quality of being dead. Hence, you get such phrases as 命ある限り "as long as I am alive," etc., etc. Note also that although 絶体絶命's first two characters are pronounced as 絶対, they are NOT the same. Hence, 絶対絶命 is wrong. Some cursory research has revealed that 絶体 and 絶命 were also the names of "evil stars" in a specific kind of Chinese astrology (九星占い, for those of you interested in firing up those google skills).

So you can think of 絶体絶命 as a situation that is so difficult to deal with that both your 体 and your 命 end up 絶-ing. Which brings us to our:

Definition:
逃れようのない、非常に困難な場面・立場に追い詰められること

Translations:
1) to have one's back to the wall
2) to be between a rock and a hard place
3) to be in serious trouble

Example Sentence:
明日レポートの閉め切りだし、明後日重要な面接もあるし、そしてよりにもよって今日いきなり先生に夜遅くまで研究を手伝ってほしいと言われちゃった。今絶体絶命の事態なんだよ！
Tomorrow is the deadline for my paper, and then the day after tomorrow I have an important interview, and on top of all that today my teacher asked me to help with his research until late tonight. I've really got my back to the wall over here!

[None of the above is true, so don't worry about me!]

Now this is a movie that exemplifies 絶体絶命.